Fenugreek - Side Effects, Uses and Benefits
What Is Fenugreek?
Fenugreek can be described as an annual herb that has small white flowers and leaves. It's part of the pea family (Fabaceae) and also known as Greek hay (Trigonella foenum-graecum).
Fenugreek plants grow to about two to three feet tall, and the seed pods contain 10-20 small, flat, yellow-brown, pungent and aromatic seeds.
Fenugreek is often used as medicine because of its bitter taste. It tastes similar to maple syrup, celery, and burnt sugar. However, it has a far more pleasant taste when cooked.
Fenugreek is most commonly used for its graecum seeds. These are typically dried and ground. The leaves can be used for cooking.
Fenugreek is a natural remedy for inflammation. It can be taken orally. Fenugreek oil can also be used to make soaps and cosmetics.
The book Essential Oils in Food Preservation, Flavor and Safety explains that fenugreek oil and extract have antimicrobial, antioxidant, antitumorigenic, and antidiabetic properties. It is widely grown in India, North Africa and the Middle East.
The fenugreek plant acts as both a gum, and an emulsifier. It is useful as a stabilizer and thickener for food. It is also used as an ingredient in food preparation to add flavor and spice.
Nutrition Facts
One tablespoon of fenugreek leaves contains:
35.5 calories
Carbohydrates: 6.8 grams
2.5 grams protein
0.7 gram fat
Fiber content: 2.7 grams
3.7 mgs iron (20% DV).
0.1 milligram manganese (7 percent DV)
0.1 milligram copper (6 percent DV)
21 mgs magnesium (5 percent DV).
32.6 milligrams phosphorus (3 percent DV)
0.1 milligram vitamin B6 (3 percent DV)
Health Benefits
This herb is known to alleviate many health issues. However, more research is necessary in order to identify and confirm all its benefits. Here are nine of the most proven fenugreek benefits.
1. This can help improve your digestion and reduce cholesterol
This herb may help with numerous digestive problems, such as upset stomach, constipation and inflammation of the stomach. Research shows that fenugreek among other foods has water-soluble fiber which helps with constipation.
It also works to improve digestion and is often incorporated in an ulcerative colitis diet treatment plan due to its anti-inflammatory effects. This herb appears to benefit those with heart conditions, such as hardening of the arteries and high blood levels of certain fats, including cholesterol and triglycerides.
It can also be used to treat diabetes. In fact, a study out of India showed that administering 2.5 grams of fenugreek supplement twice daily for three months to people dealing with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus significantly lowered cholesterol naturally, along with triglycerides, without affecting HDL cholesterol.
2. Reduces inflammation in the body
Fenugreek helps with inflammation within the body, which is responsible for health issues and diseases like:
Mouth ulcers
Boils
Bronchitis
Infection of the tissues under the skin
Tuberculosis
Chronic coughs
Cancer
Kidney disease
This herbal remedy may not only have preventative benefits for these conditions but it is also thought to lower blood sugar. It could be helpful in managing metabolic and nutritional disorders such as diabetes. A 2017 study showed that the simple addition of fenugreek to a diet plan and exercise can have a synergistic impact on fasting glucose levels.
For the study, patients with type 2 diabetes received 10 grams of the seeds soaked in hot water every day.
Fenugreek may slow the absorption sugars in your stomach and stimulate insulin. Traditional Chinese Medicine calls Fenugreek a "phlegm-mover" because it is said to help break down stuck energies, and decrease inflammation.
International Immunopharmacology published research on the anti-inflammatory as well as antioxidant effects of Fenugreek Mucilage on arthritis rats. It also confirmed its ability to reduce inflammation. It also "demonstrated the potential beneficiary effect of fenugreek mucilage on adjuvant induced arthritis in rats," meaning this herb may be an effective natural arthritis treatment as well.
3. Helps Increase Libido in Men
Some fenugreek uses for men include treating hernias, erectile dysfunction and other male problems, such as baldness. It may also increase testosterone and sexual arousal.
While it's best to consult with a physician before using natural therapies for treating disease or improving sexual performance, fenugreek seed powder, fenugreek tea and tablets have been shown to increase sexual desire and performance in men, as well as naturally remedy impotence.
A study published in Phytotherapy Research found that 60 men aged between 25 and 52 with no history or erectile dysfunction received either a placebo, 600 mgs of fenugreek extract daily for six weeks.
Through self-evaluation, the participants noted their results with fenugreek, reporting that the fenugreek dietary supplement had a positive effect on their libidos. Final results showed that fenugreek extract had a significant impact on sexual arousal, stamina, and energy. It also helped participants maintain normal levels of testosterone.
4. Promotes Milk Flow in Breastfeeding
Fenugreek can also be used to help breastfeeding mothers who have low milk supply. Galactagogues can boost breast milk production.
Galactagogues can be substances that increase milk supply. They can stimulate milk ducts and increase milk production within 24 hours.
While further research is necessary to determine the exact safety and efficacy fenugreek has for breast milk production, many scientific journals have published studies that show its effectiveness in promoting milk flow.
While this may be a benefit from fenugreek, it is not the only way to increase breast milk production. Researchers recommend that women seek out help from a lactation specialist if they are having problems.
5. Helps Treat Wound, Skin and Scalp Issues
Fenugreek can be used externally to treat inflammation and reduce internal inflammation. This can be used to treat external inflammation, according to research.
Muscle pain and swelling, as well as lymph nodes irritation
Gout
Wounds
Leg ulcers
Sciatica
Dandruff
Eczema
It's important to test the area first to ensure that it does not burn or further inflame the area, however.
There are also fenugreek benefits for hair. Anecdotal evidence suggests that fenugreek seeds powder and tea can be applied to your hair to stimulate hair growth and improve hair texture.
6. Adds Flavor and Spice to Food
Fenugreek powder can be used in food as an ingredient in spice mixtures. It is most commonly found in Indian cuisines such as curried dishes. It is also used in imitation maple syrup, tobacco, foods, drinks, and tobacco as a flavoring agent.
Fenugreek leaves can also be used in salads. Fresh and dried leaves can also be used in Indian cooking.
7. It helps increase appetite
Fenugreek's flavor enhancement properties are not the only benefits. It also increases appetite, which is a result of its nutritive and restorative properties.
The effects of a fenugreek extract on feeding behavior was the subject of a study published in Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior. Experiments were performed to determine food consumption and motivation to eat, as well as metabolic-endocrine changes.
The results showed that chronic oral administration of the fenugreek extract significantly increased food intake and the motivation to eat. The report also indicated, however, that the treatment does not prevent anorexia nor the decreased motivation to eat.
8. May increase exercise performance
Journal of Sports Science and Medicine reported a study on the effects of fenugreek and creatine supplementation on strength and body composition of men.
47 resistance-trained men were split into two groups based on their body weight. The dextrose placebo was given to each group, along with five grams of creatine (70 grams) and 70 grams dextrose. Each group also received 3.5 grams of creatine (900 milligrams) and eight weeks of periodized resistance-training.
Participants were assessed on their body composition, endurance of muscular strength and anaerobic capability. The creatine/fenugreek-group showed significant improvements in leg press strength, bench press, and lean mass.
The study found that creatine and fenugreek extract supplementation had a significant influence on upper body strength, body composition, and overall health.
What makes this so special? Fenugreek may work well with creatine supplementation to increase creatine uptake. It may also eliminate the need to consume excessive amounts of simple carbs. You might want to add fenugreek to your list for the best pre-workout foods.
9. It helps to improve blood sugar
A clinical trial found that consuming fenugreek leaves soaked in hot water can be a complementary treatment for type 2 diabetes.
Eight weeks passed before 11 of the 18 participants ate fenugreek seed soaked in hotwater, while seven others ate fenugreek seed mixed with yogurt. The participants who consumed the seeds soaked in hot water showed significant improvement in blood glucose levels compared with the group that ate the seeds mixed with yogurt.
What is fenugreek exactly? - Dr. Axe
How to Use (Plus Recipes)
Fenugreek's long history has been both a medicinal and culinary herb. Fenugreek seeds are used as a traditional remedy for diabetes, loss of appetite, and to stimulate breast milk production in nursing women.
It can also be used on the skin and hair to reduce inflammation.
Here are some of the most common plant uses:
Breast milk production: Fenugreek tea or supplements may increase breast milk production, particularly in the first few days after childbirth.
Digestion: Fenugreek seeds, powders, or supplements may be helpful in reducing digestive problems such as constipation and upset stomach.
Inflammation: Fenugreek oil can be applied topically to relieve pain and inflammation.
Cholesterol: There is limited evidence that fenugreek seeds or supplements can lower cholesterol levels.
Skin health: Fenugreek seeds or oil can be applied topically for skin improvement and inflammatory disease symptoms.
Hair health: Combine fenugreek and coconut oil to make a herbal treatment for your hair. Massage the mixture into your scalp. Allow it to sit for 5 minutes, then rinse.
Exercise performance: Although there is mixed research on fenugreek for testosterone levels, supplementing with the plant for eight weeks may improve exercise performance and decrease body fat.
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